Allergic Rhinitis

Causes of Allergic Rhinitis

In children, allergic rhinitis is often triggered by environmental factors. Seasonal allergens like pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds are common culprits during certain times of the year. Perennial allergens, including dust mites and pet dander, can cause symptoms year-round. Genetics also play a role; children with a family history of allergies are more likely to develop this condition.

Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis

Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children include sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose and a scratchy throat. Other symptoms include headache, dark circles or puffiness below eyes and occasionally red eyes (allergic conjunctivitis). These symptoms may affect sleep, concentration and school performance. In some children, allergic rhinitis can exacerbate asthma symptoms, making it essential to recognize and address it promptly.

Diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis

Diagnosis is usually made on a clinical basis after assessment by a pediatrician or pediatric pulmonologist. Allergy tests, such as skin prick test (SPT), can be done to identify the triggering agent.

Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis

Effective management of allergic rhinitis involves several strategies. Identifying and avoiding triggers is crucial. Antihistamines, decongestants, and intranasal corticosteroids prescribed by a doctor after proper assessment can help alleviate symptoms.
Intranasal steroid sprays are the mainstay of treatment. Nasal douching with saline water can help in long term management of nasal allergies and sinusitis.

Additionally, allergen immunotherapy may be an option for long-term relief. This treatment involves gradual exposure to allergens, helping the immune system build tolerance over time.

By recognizing the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and working with healthcare professionals, parents can help their children lead healthier lives free from allergy-related discomfort.